outer space
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The Webb Telescope’s Faraway Revelations, and Earth’s Here-and-Now Challenges
NASA has two missions: understanding and protecting the home planet, and exploring outer space. Both missions are necessary to building a sustainable future.
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Space Glaciers: Carbon Dioxide Ice Forms Glaciers on Mars
A modeling study recently found that the carbon dioxide ice deposits at the South Pole of Mars flow as glaciers do, highlighting the importance of understanding ice in outer space.

COP31, the 2026 United Nations Climate Change Conference, aims to advance dialogue, strengthen consensus, and accelerate climate action on a global scale. From November 9–20, 2026 in Antalya, Türkiye, heads of state, ministers, scientists, business leaders, and civil society will gather to advance efforts in emission targets, climate finance, and adaptation and resilience. Once again, our experts, students, and global thought leaders from Columbia Climate School and across Columbia University are contributing to key events, sharing insights, and helping shape the dialogue toward ambitious, science-based solutions. Learn More
