State of the Planet

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Black Holes

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Image Credit: SCIENCE VIDEOLAB
Image Credit: Science Videolab

In most observed galaxy hearts,
Massive black holes reside,
Formed from dark-baryon parts,
As huge stars collapse or collide.
Telescopes secrets divulge,
Hinting at coevolution,
The key: a galaxy’s bulge?
We do not yet know the solution.
Whence the crucial gas-fuel
With which to feed a black hole?
Do galaxies, holes often duel?
Or play a more symbiont role?
Next, we tackle all spectra;
Our tools, from low to high climb,
Sensing waves from far plectra,
Over the whole Hubble time.

__________________________________________

Further reading:

The Formation and Evolution of Massive Black Holes, M. Volonteri, Science, 2012

This is one in a series of poems based on science news, written by Katherine Allen, a researcher in geochemistry and paleoclimate at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. “Black Holes” first appeared on Allen’s website on Aug. 6, 2012.

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Collage of Turkiye beach scene and Columbia University Campus with text: UN Climate Change Conference COP31, Antalya, Turkiye, Nov 9-20, 2026

COP31, the 2026 United Nations Climate Change Conference, aims to advance dialogue, strengthen consensus, and accelerate climate action on a global scale. From November 9–20, 2026 in Antalya, Türkiye, heads of state, ministers, scientists, business leaders, and civil society will gather to advance efforts in emission targets, climate finance, and adaptation and resilience. Once again, our experts, students, and global thought leaders from Columbia Climate School and across Columbia University are contributing to key events, sharing insights, and helping shape the dialogue toward ambitious, science-based solutions. Learn More

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